Indexing in Magento 2 is the process of organizing and optimizing data in the database to improve the performance and speed of your online store. It works by creating flat tables that contain a subset of the data from various database tables. These flat tables are then optimized for quick access, which allows the store to retrieve information more quickly and efficiently.
Indexing is crucial in Magento 2 because it enables faster and more accurate search results, improves the performance of category pages, and speeds up product listings. When indexing is not performed correctly, it can cause slow page load times, poor search results, and other performance issues. Therefore, it’s important to understand how indexing works and how to optimize it to ensure the best possible performance for your Magento 2 store.